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This is How Computers Work

A Basic Introduction to the Underlying Mechanics

6 min readSep 9, 2021

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We’re in the 2020’s and computers have completely changed how we live and communicate as a species.

Regardless of how we spend our day, or night, we’re immersed in computer-driven technology. Our infrastructure, healthcare, agriculture, entertainment — even our door bells, rely on computers.

Despite their widespread adoption, there seems to be a sense of mystery surrounding how computers physically function. While there’s no denying their innate complexity, I do believe it’s possible to have a basic understanding of how computers, actually compute.

In this post I’m going to explore what physically takes place inside a computer. In today’s world that’s not much, it’s practically entirely automated, but I do think it’s fascinating to appreciate the first step between our physical world and our virtual one. Let’s get started.

The Processor

All our computers, from phones to fridges, contain a processor.

The processor is what actually computes, everything else inside a computer is kind of an added bonus. Speakers, storage, a display — each serve their own function, all controlled by the processor.

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Luke Martin
Luke Martin

Written by Luke Martin

Writing about people and technology

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